What is cultural relativity Essay Paper Example For Students

What is cultural relativity? Essay Paper Cultural relativity is an important principle in anthropology since anthropology is the study of human beings in all places and at all times, anthropologists have to understand societies on their own terms and have to avoid making value judgements. Anthropology seeks to produce useful generalization about people and their behaviour and arrive at an unbiased understanding of human diversity. Keesing has defined a society as a population marked by relative separation from surrounding populations and a distinctive culture. We will write a custom essay on What is cultural relativity? Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now A fundamental belief of anthropologists is that learned behaviour, culture plays a vital role in human life. Anthropologists learn about other societies and cultures through fieldwork and participant observation another method used is the ethnographic approach. This involves the study of small-scale societies or relatively small groups of people in order to understand how they view the world and organise their daily lives. An example of an ethnographic case study is heart distress in Maragheh, Iran this heart distress is more frequent in Iranian women and it expresses the problems they are having in their lives. It is a self-labelled folk illness that expresses a wide range of physical, psychological, and social problems at the same time. Ethnocentric is an adjective describing the condition of viewing and judging (often in pejorative terms) other cultures and societies according to the (usually-taken-for-granted) assumptions of ones own society. By way of contrast, anthropology is concerned not only to highlight our assumptions but also to show that other cultures and societies are different to our own, but not worse or better. Ethnography can be best understood by examining the theoretical assumptions, which underlie it. Blummer (1969) has stated the concepts of culture as acquired knowledge has much in common with symbolic interactions, a theory that seeks to explain human terms of meaning. To conclude anthropology is a subject, which has many benefits in the study of human culture, anthropologists have learnt to treat all cultures equally and not have a biased view; furthermore they have learnt how different cultures treat different illnesses such as herbal healers and magic men treating the ill in Nepal.

AP Lit Essay Sample

AP Lit Essay SampleIf you need help writing your AP Lit essay, then you'll find this AP Lit essay sample to be extremely helpful. It covers many different areas and will show you how to approach them.Do you feel like you are too old for high school? Are you trying to get into college or medical school? This AP Lit essay sample may be able to help you in that regard.Have you taken a Spanish or English class before? Many colleges are now requiring them, so if you haven't it is time to try again. You don't have to take a course like this in high school; you can find courses you can take at college or medical school. Some of the AP Lit classes are English language and literature, composition, American history, civics, U.S. and World history and a few others.Did you take a course in high school that you really enjoyed? Try it again and see if it can give you the same result. You might not be where you want to be yet, but at least you did something in high school.Did you fail an AP exam? T his could be a problem as well. Maybe you were going above and beyond to try to get your score up, but didn't have the required amount of time or stamina to do so. Try some of the AP Lit essay sample courses that are available to get an idea of what is needed to succeed.Sometimes you just aren't as motivated to do some extra work and practice that are needed for the exam. If you have been frustrated for a while, you may not have the same drive. You can find some assistance with the AP Lit essay sample by checking with the AP Program and getting help.You might even be a little hesitant about using the AP Lit essay sample because of the level of pressure or difficulty you have found yourself in previously. This can be due to previous failures, but there are other reasons. It's important to work with someone who can help you reach your goals.If you plan on taking AP classes in the future, then you may want to check out the Science Prep. This is a particular AP class that is taught in t he early grades. While you may not always find some of the assignments easy, the AP Exam is a great way to get an idea of what the course is like and what you can expect from it.

The Truth About Government Grants

The Truth About Government Grants Contrary to what books and TV ads say, the U.S. government is not giving away free grant money. A government grant is not a Christmas present. According to the book American Government Politics, by Jay M. Shafritz, a grant is, A form of gift that entails certain obligations on the part of the grantee and expectations on the part of the grantor. The key word there is obligations. Getting a government grant will get you lot of obligations and not fulfilling them will grant you a lot of legal troubles. In fact, the tantalizing but false lure of â€Å"free† money from the government has spawned some potentially disastrous government grant scams. Few Grants for Individuals Most federal grants are awarded to organizations, institutions, and state and local governments planning major projects that will benefit specific sectors of the population or the community as a whole, for example:   A neighborhood street paving projectA state-wide program to re-train displaced workersA project to attract new businesses to a depressed downtown areaA regional water conservation programA state or county-wide flood control project   Organizations that get government grants are subject to strict government oversight and must meet detailed government performance standards during the duration of the project and funding period of the grant. All project expenditures must be strictly accounted for and detailed audits are conducted by the government at least annually. All granted funds must be spent. Any money not spent goes back to the Treasury. Detailed program goals must be developed, approved and carried out exactly as specified in the grant application. Any project changes must be approved by the government. All project phases must be completed on time. And, of course, the project must be completed with demonstrable success. Failure on the part of the grant recipient to perform under the requirements of the grant can result in penalties ranging from economic sanctions to prison in cases of improper use or theft of public funds. By far, most government grants are applied for and awarded to other government agencies, states, cities, colleges and universities, and research organizations. Few individuals have the money or expertise necessary to prepare adequate applications for federal grants. Most active grant-seekers, in fact, employ full time staffs to do nothing but apply for and administer federal grants. The plain truth is that with federal funding cutbacks and competition for grants becoming more intense, seeking a federal grant always requires a lot of time and potentially a lot of money up front with no guarantee of success. Program or Project Budget Approval Through the annual federal budget process, Congress passes laws making money lots of it available to the various government agencies for doing major projects designed to assist some sector of the public. The projects may be suggested by the agencies, members of Congress, the president, states, cities, or members of the public. But, in the end, Congress decides which programs get how much money for how long. Finding and Applying for Grants Once the federal budget is approved, funds for the grant projects start to become available and are announced in the Federal Register throughout the year. The official access point for information on all federal grants is the Grants.gov website. Who is Eligible to Apply for Grants? The grant’s entry on the Grants.gov website will list which organizations or individuals are eligible to apply for the grants. The entry for all grants will also explain: How  the grant money can be used;How to apply including detailed contact information;How applications will be reviewed, judged and awarded; andWhat is expected of successful grantees including reports, audits, and performance standards Other Types of Federal Government Benefits While grants are clearly off the table, there are several other federal government benefit and assistance programs that can and do help individuals with many needs and life situations Beware the ‘Free’ Government Grant Scams The illusion that government grants are somehow â€Å"owed† to taxpayers and are thus available for â€Å"free† has inevitably led to numerous dangerous grant-getting scams. Consider the following offer. â€Å"Because you pay your income taxes on time, you have been awarded a free $12,500 government grant! To get your grant, simply give us your checking account information, and we will direct-deposit the grant into your bank account!† So compelling! But as the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the nation’s consumer protection agency warns, such money for nothing† grant offers are almost always scams. Some ads will claim that just about anybody will qualify to get â€Å"free grants† to pay for education, home improvements, business expenses, even credit card balances. Along with email ads, grants scammers often make telephone calls claiming they work for a â€Å"government agency† that has â€Å"discovered† you qualify for a grant. In either case, the claim is the same: your application for a grant is guaranteed to be accepted, and you’ll never have to pay the money back. No matter what the offer’s bait is, the hook is always the same. After congratulating them on their eligibility, the scammer asks their victim for their checking account information so the grant money can be â€Å"deposited directly† into their account or to cover a â€Å"one-time processing fee.† The scammer may even reassure the victims that they will get a full refund if they are not satisfied. Of course, the reality is that while the victims never see any grant money, they do see money disappear from the bank accounts. As the FTC advises, consumers should never give out their bank account information to anyone they don’t know. â€Å"Always keep your bank account information confidential. Don’t share it unless you are familiar with the company and know why the information is necessary,† warns the FTC. Persons who suspect they have been a victim of a government grant scam should file a complaint with the FTC online, or call toll-free, 1-877-FTC-HELP (1-877-382-4357); TTY: 1-866-653-4261. The FTC enters Internet, telemarketing, identity theft, and other fraud-related complaints into Consumer Sentinel, a secure online database available to hundreds of civil and criminal law enforcement agencies in the U.S. and abroad.

Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Psychology - Essay Example A child will not survive without the care and support of others. He learns about life and living not only by his own discoveries but with interactions with people around him and within the environment he lives in. Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development outlines how a child develops his learning abilities that equip him to survive life’s challenges. Initially, he discovers the world using his senses, and as he grows, learns to form associations and conclusions. With a healthy attachment to significant adults, the child develops a sense of security enabling him to venture into more learning about his world. â€Å"Piaget believed that children create knowledge through interactions with the environment. Children are not passive receivers of knowledge; rather, they actively work at organizing their experience into more and more complex mental structures.† (Brewer, 2001, p.6). He insists that children need to use all their cognitive functions. These theories were designed to form minds which can be critical, can verify, and not accept everything they are offered. Such beliefs reflect his respect for children’s thinking. Vygotsky (1978) believed that children’s intellectual development is influenced more by social context than by individual experiences. His theory places a great deal of emphasis on effective social interaction. Learning ensues in social interactions. A person ingrained in a particular cultural group automatically adapts to its socio-history and socio-cultural ways. Learning about one’s culture comes easy if the individual is totally immersed in it. A perfect example is how Reggio Emilia schools in Italy are run. There, the whole community is involved in rearing the children. â€Å"Reggio Emilia educators repeatedly emphasize that "no one has a monopoly" on what children need and, as noted above, invite parents to become

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 16

Questions - Essay Example This minimizes the risks involved when attending to a patient. Information systems in nursing also have researched medical practices approved by international bodies that help nurse come up with decisions when attending to patients. In my organization, the management has incorporated the use of CPOE that has been significant in ensuring that patient doctor confidentiality is maintained (Hebda & Czar, 2009). As a nurse this is important to my service as I am required to keep intact the relationship between me and my patients. Information security is a factor many medical organizations strive to achieve. However, current and former employees pose the biggest threat in achieving information security. Many employees in an organization have access to the information the organization has in form of medical records and patient information. After termination of working contracts, some former employees may relay this confidential information to other parties. The most important information is patient personal information and medical records (Hebda & Czar, 2009). Every medical organization is charged with the responsibility of ensuring information regarding their patients’ remains a private affair. To curb this shortcoming, organizations should formulate contracts that bind employees to confidentiality even after termination of their working contracts (Spagnoletti & Resca, 2008). Hefty penalties should be imposed to employees who breach these terms even after their working contracts have been

Advantage of social networking Essay Example for Free

Advantage of social networking Essay These social networking websites create an online community of Internet users, each offering different advantages of social networking to its many members. There are three common advantages of social networking and there are communication, up-to-date information and business opportunities. The first advantages of social networking site is that the people can communicate regardless of distance from each other at very low cost. Relationships among family, friends and relatives grew closer. With one click, they can share the latest news or commenting on pictures uploaded to their StudyMode. om is the webs profile. Finding new friends on site is also very easy compared to the leading learning tool. conventional method. People with low self-esteem may make their friends We inspire millions of students through these social networking sites. When they interact with other people every day with over 1,600,000 through the internet, it becomes easier for shy people or those who have low model essays and papers, AP notes self-esteem since they don’t have to talk with people face to face. They can share and learn about other countries culture, people lifestyle, places of and book notes. nterest and many more. However, people need to be extra be careful when they want to meet friends whom they know from social networking sites so that they will not be cheated or lead themselves into dangers. Related Essays Advantages of social networks Having a social network accounts is a must for everyone because it can Robert Patton ENG110, Professor Silvey 30 September 2011 The Disadvantages of Social Netw ork spread information quickly. For example, you can now get live traffic 6 Pages October 2011 information u pdates using the popular micro-blogging site Twitter. This Social networks service will let you know of any major traffic incidents, along with timely Social Netw orks Facebook, Tw itter, and LinkedIn are just a few examples of some the major information to help you on your way efficiently. More people get their news 5 Pages April 2012 from the social network than from newspapers or radio. People share links to latest world news or sports events by e-mail, post articles on their Facebook and other [continues] thesis. social networks CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Technology has brought great change.

The Progression of Human Rights Throughout History Essay -- American A

The strides that have been taken regarding human rights have made it impossible to forget the many memorable landmarks throughout history. Events dealing with civil liberties are especially important in the United States. The Revolutionary War and the passage of the nineteenth amendment are two such occurrences. The history of both the United States and human rights has not come without a fight. Americans have adapted to changes in living styles which allowed the country to battle through shifting times in order to survive. One of the first instances of the evolution of rights is made apparent in the expressions of Plato in the story Crito. Plato was accustomed to politics in the Athenian world; however, he chose to excel in philosophy. Plato believed that knowledge demonstrated truth and goodness in all people. In Crito, Socrates uses his knowledge as he attempts to explain to Crito that he must serve his prison sentence. Socrates believed that if he disapproved of the law in which he broke, he had ample time to do something about it, but he chose to live and abide by the rules and therefore must suffer the consequences to carry out true justice. During the time of Socrates, the people and the government went hand-in-hand; they were in agreement. If a person chose to reside in a city, it meant that that individual decided to follow and carry out all laws that had previously been enforced by the government. The city of Athens provided education, protection, and the mere existence of life to Socrates. In return, he was under the idea that he was required to serve his community. Since Socrates had accepted the Athenian culture into his life, he believed that he should be punished for committing wrongful acts against the city’... ...ww.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Articles_Gen/Letter_Birmingham.html. Locke, John. â€Å"The Second Treatise of Civil Government.† Translated by Jawaid Bazyar Online. Internet. Jan. 1999. Available. http://www.constitution.org/jl/2ndtreat.htm. Plato. The Trials of Socrates. â€Å"Crito.† Translated by Reeve, C. D. C.. 2002 edition: p62-78. â€Å"The Declaration of Independence of the Thirteen Colonies.† Indiana University School of Law in Bloomington. Online. Internet. April 2002. Available. http://www.law.indiana. edu/uslawdocs/declaration.html. â€Å"The Virginia Declaration of Rights.† From Revolution to Reconstruction. Online. Internet. March 2003. Available. http://www.usconstitution.net/vdeclar.html. â€Å"Universal Declaration of Human Rights.† Department of Public Information. Online. Internet. Dec. 1998. Available. http://www.un.org/rights/50/decla.htm.